Frequency of maxillofacial skeletal injuries according to age site and cause

Abstract

Introduction: The trends of maxillofacial injuries have changed over recent years with the changing prevailing factors of the society and environment. Pakistan has seen a societal, cultural and environmental change over the last fifty years and the pattern and reasons of injuries have changed over the years. There’s a need to ascertain the reasons behind changing environment as well as the frequency of these injuries so as to better formulate policies for their prevention.

Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 316 patients reporting to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department (OMFS) of Civil Hospital, Quetta (SPH) with presenting history of facial damage between periods from January to December 2016. Out of the total sample of 316, 281 patients (88.92%) were males and 35 (11.07%) were females. Results of frequency were derived on the basis of history, clinical and radiological examination.

Results: A large portion of the patients were in their third decade of life. The most widely recognized reason for damage was RTA (43.35%), inter-personal violence was (22.15%) and work related / sports injuries were 45 (14.24%). The most common bone to be broken was mandible (50.62%) that trailed by zygomatic bone (28.16%) and maxilla (21.19%).

Conclusions: Trauma to the facial region is considered to be mainstay of treatments provided in the Maxillofacial domains that might need Orthodontic assistance in cases ending up in disfigurement. Legislation needs to be in place for reduction in these incidences.