Root dimensions and variations in maxillary canine in Pakistani population: A comparative and descriptive analysis using cone beam computed tomography technique

Wajiha Qamar; Muhammad Faizan Malik; Tehmina Marwat; Nadia Khaleeq; Sarah Ali; Sana Idrees

Root dimensions and variations in maxillary canine in Pakistani population: A comparative and descriptive analysis using cone beam computed tomography technique

Authors

Wajiha Qamar BDS, M.Phil. Assistant Professor - Department of Oral Biology, Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan, Pakistan.
Muhammad Faizan Malik BDS. Lecturer â€“ Department of Prosthodontics, KMU Institute of Dental Sciences Kohat, Pakistan.
Tehmina Marwat BDS. Lecturer - Department of Oral Biology. KMU Institute of Dental Sciences Kohat, Pakistan.
Nadia Khaleeq BDS. Lecturer â€“ Department of Community Dentistry. Rehman College of Dentistry Peshawar, Pakistan.
Sarah Ali BDS. Assistant Registrar. Pakistan Medical & Dental Council (PMDC) Islamabad, Pakistan.
Sana Idrees BDS, DCD. Assistant Professor - Department of Paedodontics, KMU Institute of Dental Sciences Kohat, Pakistan.

Keywords:

Displaced canine, computed tomography, root morphology

Abstract

Introduction: Maxillary canine usually has a single root, but variations have been seen because of several events occurring during the tooth development. The variation in root morphology can be seen due to ethnicity and genetic differences. Few studies studies on morphology and root dimension of permanent maxillary canine using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Technique have been conducted in Pakistan. Hence the objective of the study was to assess the morphology and root dimension of permanent maxillary canine in Peshawar, Pakistan using CBCT Technique.

Material and Methods: A total of forty-three (43) radiographic (CBCT) archives of maxillary canine from November 2017 to February 2018 were studied and assessed. The CBCT along with history file was assessed to ensure that the CBCT of permanent maxillary canine included were of patients aged 15 and above. Each permanent canine was examined, and tooth length was measured. The mesio-distal width and bucco-palatal width at Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ) and deflection of tooth and root was observed using CBCT. The root canal pattern was assessed and classified according to Vertucciâ€™s classification. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (SPSS version 17) using the Chi-squared test and the t-test.

Results: All teeth examined under CBCT were having one root and Type I (100%) canal configuration. Maxillary canine revealed a predominantly straight root (65.1%). The anatomical length of maxillary canine and root was 22.7 mm and 15.49 mm while average mesio-distal and bucco-palatal width of the root at Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ) was 5.77mm and 6.70mm. 65.1% of the maxillary canines were having no deflection

Conclusions: The most frequent canal pattern reported in the maxillary canine was Type I (100%). The length of maxillary canine in Asian population ranges between 22.7mm â€“ 26.4mm. The maxillary canines are bulkier on MD and BP aspect in Mardan then Peshawar.